R.F. Insurance :: essays research papers

R.F. Insurance is a commercial insurance company based on the east coast. In 1984, a group of graduate students were given a project to asses job design, career development, and job motivation in a particular district office of R.F. Insurance. The findings of this group despite the limited number of respondents permitted to take the student’s survey are more or else what can be expected given the circumstances surrounding employment at R.F. Insurance. The district office operates under the control of the district office manager who is essentially in charge of a sales team, claim adjusters, several office clerks, and one loss prevention engineer. The sales team is in charge setting up the appropriate account for the customers need and finishing the sale. Information about the customer is provided by the loss prevention engineer who meets with clients and helps to evaluate the risk of insuring a potential client. Once the sale is completed the district manager assigns the policy to one of the claims adjusters based on the complexity or importance of the policy and policy holder. From this point on till the policy is cancelled, the claims adjuster will handle ever aspect of customer service associated with the insurance policy. The rest of the paperwork, filing, and processing is handled by the clerks of the office. Each clerk has specific tasks and is responsible for filling out a daily work sheet which the lead clerk collects and c reates a weekly report on their work. When the team of graduate students began their analysis they did so under the agreement that the district office manager had control and veto power over the survey’s and interviews being used. However, upon discussing matters in more detail the district office manager further limited the students to questionnaires only. The questionnaires were to include a modification of the Job Characteristics Inventory and a 24 question survey. The district office manager instantly revoked the clerical staff from participating in the questionnaire and also vetoed six questions he did not like. He distributed the questionnaires to only 5 sales people, 4 claims adjusters, and only 3 of 8 clerks. The results of the questionnaire were as expected. The 9 higher ranking employees generally reported a more positive experience with job development, utilization, influence, and advancement then did the 3 clerks. From the data collected you can only infer that the other 5 clerks would more then likely share similar feelings.

Elevating Class and Language Between Two Plays Essay

A person’s language is often connected to his or her social status. A person from a higher status will have a different dialect of the same language than someone from lower status. People brought up in poor surroundings or poverty are keen to swearing and have little concern to speaking properly as their language was intended. People from high society are the opposite. They are very much concerned with using their verbal skills and their rhetoric, and they are able use it as a form of power over others. These ideas of language between classes can be seen in the plays â€Å"The Tempest,† by William Shakespeare, and â€Å"Pygmalion† by Bernard Shaw. Though Shaw’s play is much more focused on the language based transformation of â€Å"Eliza Doolittle,† and the interaction between her and Professor Higgins, Shakespeare’s creates a similar relationship between the lowly Caliban, and his master Prospero. Both plays show that a superficial change in education, or language, cannot realistically change a person or their social class, rather the real changes to these characters are made internally. Both Eliza and Caliban come from poor backgrounds. Eliza is a very poor flower girl with terrible English. She swears often, by saying â€Å"bloody† constantly between sentences. As Shaw describes her initially as â€Å"the flower girl† she is unsympathetically described as ugly and disgusting, â€Å"Her hair needs washing rather badly: its mousy color can hardly be natural. She wears a shoddy black coat that reaches nearly to her knees and is shaped to her waist† (Shaw, 13). Even her accent makes her feel like a second class citizen. Beneath all of this, Eliza is still a proud girl, â€Å"I’m a good girl, I am† (2). Because â€Å"The Tempest† contains magic, Caliban is born the son of the deceased witch Cycorax. Like Eliza, Caliban also maintains his pride as he believes he is the rightful owner of the island which Prospero later took control over. Also like Eliza, much of his speech is riddled with slurs and cursing. His demonic blood allows Prospero to treat him like a lower class, subhuman monster, similar to how Professor Higgins treats Eliza like a lower class citizen due to her looks, her demeanor, and consequently her social status as a flower girl. In response, Caliban responds with hostility whenever Prospero calls for him, â€Å"As wicked dew as e’er my mother brush’d/ With raven’s feather from unwholesome fen/ Drop on you both! a south-west blow on ye/ And blister you all o’er!† (20), and Prospero responds in kind by sending spirits to harass him and pinch him. The extent of the transformation that learning language had over both characters is limited to being just a tool for them to use while unfortunately (to their masters) keeping the same personality. What changes to Eliza is most definitely a surface level change and not a deep identity level change, at least through the length of the experiment. Though Higgins manages to transform Eliza’s appearance from that of a low-status flower girl to that of a refined young lady, she remains a cockney flower girl underneath her facade of a proper accent speaking proper English. Her real personality remains persistently unchanged until the end of the play. This is the same with Caliban who, through learning language from Prospero, remains bitter, hateful, and envious throughout â€Å"The Tempest.† Caliban remains â€Å"ungrateful† for being taught language by Prospero, â€Å"You taught me language, and my profit on’t/ Is I know how to curse. The red plague rid you /For learning me your language!† In this popular quote, Caliban uses the language taught to him against Prospero to display his disgust towards Prospero’s efforts to change him. It also draws a sharp similarity between the treatment between higher and lower classes in both plays. Eliza’s relationship with Higgins’ language is similar to Caliban’s relationship with Prospero in that both Eliza and Caliban understand language as a reminder of their low social status compared to their â€Å"masters.† Both characters also remain â€Å"ungrateful† in the narratives of their â€Å"masters,† when they are mostly more concerned to keep their own personal dignity. The difference in narratives between the characters learning language, and those teaching it in both plays is very similar. Both Higgins and Prospero, in their understanding of what they are doing by teaching Eliza and Caliban language, are teaching them a way to elevate their status. Because both â€Å"masters† are concerned with social status, they believe their students should strongly value their gifts of language education. Both Higgins and Prospero also consider their subjects highly ungrateful. When Higgins mother objects to his experiment, Higgens retorts, â€Å"You have no idea how frightfully interesting it is to take a human being and to change her into a quite different human being by creating a new speech for her. It’s filling up the deepest gulf that separates class from class and soul from soul.’ (Shaw, 78),† while believing that changing Eliza’s speech will not only change her class, but her soul. At the climax of the play between Higgins and Eliza, after Eliza asks to return the belongings Higgins gave and lent to her, Higgins becomes upset, â€Å"If these belonged to me instead of to the jeweler, I’d ram them down your ungrateful throat.† He feel so strongly the importance of language in self-improvement, that he failed to see that it did not have an honest impact on Eliza. This is similar to how Prospero views Caliban as ungrateful towards his teaching of language, â€Å"Abhorred slave,/ Which any print of goodness wilt not take,/ Being capable of all ill! I pitied thee,/ Took pains to make thee speak, taught thee each hour†¦Ã¢â‚¬  As can be seen here, it is evident that Prospero painstakingly underlines and exaggerates the value of the language he taught Caliban. â€Å"†¦One thing or other: when thou didst not, savage, /Know thine own meaning, but wouldst gabble like/ A thing most brutish, I endow’d thy purposes/ With words that made them known. But thy vile race,/ Though thou didst learn, had that in’t which/ good natures/ Could not abide to be with; therefore wast thou/ Deservedly confined into this rock,/ Who hadst deserved more than a prison.† Here Prospero acknowledges that class and language, though related, are not necessarily tied together. He makes a point that Caliban cannot overcome his class through learning language. Swearing in Pygmalion has an interesting dual use. It is primarily expressed in the word â€Å"bloody† by both Eliza and Higgins. Their use of it, however, shows the difference in class between the two. Eliza, who has been poor all her life, thinks nothing of using the word since she has been around it all the time. It is a merely an adjective or a harmless form of expression to her. Shaw deliberately makes Eliza’s speech terrible in order to highlight that one’s speech is dominated by their environment. Higgins, on the other hand, knows the use of this word and uses it to express his anger and frustration. Eventually Eliza does make use of her learned dialect, and it helps her greatly. It allows her to marry a man of the upper class and start her own business, as Higgins foreshadowed. This change was only able to come about after the internal self respect she gained by defending her self-respect from Higgins after the slipper incident. Caliban, a slave who ironically speaks in the same noble verse and Prospero, also benefits from the learned language in the way he is perceived by the other characters in the play such as Trinculo. Though at moments they were both ungrateful, both Eliza and Caliban became empowered and were able to gain a sense of freedom from their own social class by learning language.

Vietnamese Culture Evaluation - 1348 Words

Assement 1 (1000 words): Discusss the key dimensions of national culture in your domicile (home) country using the frameworks of Hofstede (2001) including: Power Distance; Uncertainty avoidance; Individualism/ Collectivism; Masculinity/ femininity; long term orientation. Introduction In the â€Å"flat† world today, opening a business on abroad will be easier than before (Friedman, 2005). The manager from other countries will need to face with other culture aspect that they never met before. In order to solve this problem, Hofstede’s dimensions (1970) suggested that his model with 5 dimensions: Power Distance, Uncertain Avoidance Individualism/ collectivism, Masculinity/ femininity, Long-term orientation, which refer to any culture on the†¦show more content†¦According to Mc Sweenry (2002), Hofstede’s module was assumed that national culture is equal with company culture as well as put the Confucian Dynamism on the top of the table in his research. In Vietnamese context, beside the Confucian, Buddhism is needed to be taking in to account as well. Back in 1000 years ago, when Ly Dynasty chooses Hanoi the capital of Van Xuan, old name of Vietnam, Buddhism was become the national religious (Tran, 1997;Phan, 1992 ) until Nguyen Dynasty in 18th century. In additional, Ly Dynasty also introduced the teaching of 3 regilous: Buddhism, Confucian, Taoism at the same times in the past. This philosophy is still now alive and can be known in other name is Cao Dai religious with 3 million fellows. So Vietnam culture and behaviour will depended on religious rather than Confucian only. Conclusion. Vietnam is a developing country where is people are open-minded and easy to cooperate with other people and Money –oriented people mind be the minority, due to the reason that, the long-term goal for respect and job security is their goal of life. Two dimensions linking could be seen in the Hofstede’s module where the score of Power Distance and Long-term Orientation are 70 and 80 receptively. However, the Hofstede’s module may be still lack of evaluation in particular situation like Vietnamese behaviour in foreign countriesShow MoreRelatedThe War Of Vietnam : A Turning Point That Marks Changes On The Political Front1072 Words   |  5 Pages(1954-1975) and (2) the migration of Vietnamese refugees, often called the Boat People, to other countries for survival from persecution (1975-1990s). The majority of the migrants were Catholics. Anti-communist bias exists in Vietnamese society. Today, Vietnam is an independent and â€Å"peaceful† country under the governance of the Vietnamese Communist Party (VCP) and the party considers that the country and the party are inseparable. Article 4 of the Vietnamese Constitution reads, The Communist PartyRead MoreA Contrastive Analysis of Compliments in American English and Vietnamese1533 Words   |  7 Pagesused to show that someone likes someone else’s appearance, belongings, or work etc. Due to different cultural background and social values, English and Vietnamese native speakers have different norms of complimenting as well as responding to compliments. In this essay, I will discuss the notion of compliment made in American English and Vietnamese in terms of topics, formulas, and responses. First thing first, let have a look at the definition. Definition of compliment Cambridge dictionary definesRead MoreUnderstanding And Applying The Heritage Assessment Tool1441 Words   |  6 Pagesthe questionnaire can be used to evaluate how an individual views of health maintenance, health protection and health restoration. The author will review three different individuals culture heritage using the HAT. 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Some preliminary evaluation of the CEO’s leadership capabilities in comparison with key characteristics of good strategic leaders. Question 1. Brief history of the chosen company. 1. Introduction PHO24 used to be a Vietnamese noodle restaurant chain belonging to Nam An Group, the biggest Famp;B Corporation in the country. Apart from PHO24, Nam An Group has owned andRead MoreHealth Promotion1598 Words   |  7 PagesThree Families and Their Cultures Grand Canyon University: NUR-429V October 11, 2015 Grand Canyon University: lt;Coursegt; America has always been known as the â€Å"melting pot†. Representing the meshing or â€Å"melting† together of cultures in a vast area creating a diverse society. Each culture or ethnic group has traditions and ways of belief that affect their decisions on how they treat illness, disease and health. Cultural values shape human behaviors and determine what individualsRead MoreThe Vietnam War Era Of American History1700 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"confidence†2 in its political hegemony, military prowess and assumed authority in world order, i.e. â€Å"†¦its moral exclusivity, its military invincibility and manifest destiny†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 3 The war that was never officially declared is one that American society and culture would rather unofficially forget. Karnow argues: â€Å"†¦in human terms†¦the war in Vietnam was a war that nobody won - a struggle between victims†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 4, moreover to augment this standpoint, I would argue that another significant and concurrent victim of theRead MoreAged Population in Vietnam1035 Words   |  4 Pagesmutual collection of market-relevant attributes. It can be any number of people that share the same time frame. Market-relevant attributes can include any number of shared values, physical attribut es, experiences, beliefs, environmental conditions, cultures, or political or financial elements that can be used to increase awareness, loyalty, sales, or product improvement. All of the above is combined together to create a demographic group image. This is how a demographic profile is formed. ïÆ' ° An exampleRead MoreConsumer Behavior Analysis For Aboriginal Tourism Experiences1721 Words   |  7 PagesAboriginal tourism experiences. ï‚ § Age: 12-60 ï‚ § Place of birth: Thailand,Vietnamese,Japanese,Chainese ï‚ § Disability: No ï‚ § education: Master degree,Hight School ï‚ § first language: Thailand,Vietnamese,Japanese,Chainese,Enlish ï‚ § gender: Female,Male ï‚ § household income: $3000-$10,000 ï‚ § indigenous Australian: Melbourne ï‚ § languages spoken at home: Thailand,Vietnamese,Japanese,Chainese ï‚ § marital status: Single , Married ï‚ § nationality: Thailand,Vietnamese,Japanese,Chainese ï‚ § number and age of children: 0-4 ï‚ § occupation:

Window Dressing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1035 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/20 Category Business Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? WINDOW DRESSING Window dressing  is presenting company accounts in a manner which enhances the financial position of the company. It is a form of  creative accounting  involving the manipulation of figures to flatter the financial position of the business. It is also defined as:  Ã¢â‚¬ËœA form of accounting, which while complying with all the regulations, nevertheless, gives a biased impression of the company’s  performance. ’ Though it is  not illegal, it is considered by many financial pundits asunethical. Reasons for Window Dressing: Enhance Liquidity position of the Co. – hiding a deteriorating liquidity position, and †¢Showcase stable Profitability of a company – massaging profit figures with methods such as income smoothing or profit smoothing †¢Reduce Liability for Taxation †¢Ward-off takeover bids †¢Encourage Investors †¢Re-assure Lenders of Finance †¢To influence share price †¢Hide poor manage ment decisions †¢Satisfy the demand of major investors concerning the desired level of return †¢Achieve the sales or profit target, thereby ensuring that management bonuses are paid Methods used for Window Dressing: Income Smoothing: It redistributes income statement credits and charges among different time periods. The prime objective is to moderate income variability over theyears by shifting income from good years to bad years. An example is reducinga Discretionary Cost (e. g. , advertising expense, research and development expense) in thecurrent year to improve current period earnings. In the next year, the discretionary costwill be increased. Ambiguity in Capitalizing and Revenue expenditure –  E. . Computer software with useful life of 3 years. As revenue expenditure it is treated as negative item on PLaccount. As capitalizing expenditure, it is treated as an asset in balance sheet, with yearlydepreciation in the PL. Changing depreciation policy   Incre asing expected life of asset reduces depreciation provision in PL account, hence, increasing net profits. Also, net book value in balance sheet will be higher for a longer period, thereby, increasing firm’s asset values Changing stock valuation policy   Change in method of stock valuation policy (LIFO, FIFO or AVCO) can lead to increase in value of closing stock, boosting up the profits. For example, in a rising price scenario, usage of FIFO method helps in increasing closingstock inventory valuation, thereby reducing the COGS, and hence inflating the earnings. Similarly, in a falling price scenario, LIFO valuation method for inventory is morefavourable. Sale and Lease Back–  This involves selling fixed assets to a third party and then paying a sum of money per year to lease it back. Thus, the business retains the use of the asset but no longer owns it. Off-Balance Sheet Financing –  Conversion of capital lease to operating lease so that the asset no longer features in the assets or liabilities of the balance sheet whichautomatically improves ratios such as Total Asset Turnover Ratio (TATO), Return onAssets, Equity Multiplier, etc. The costs saved are the interest expense on debt availed tofinance the capital lease and depreciation. Also, the debt-raising capacity of the companyincreases as the liabilities component tones down. Naturally, earnings are inflated underthis method. In the later years of use of asset, the company may revert back to capital lease financingsince the with net block having reduced considerably, the deprecation by WDV methodwill also be very less, thereby providing an opportunity to inflate earnings. Also, itprovides the addition benefit of saving on tax. Including intangible assets If intangible assets like goodwill are not depreciated the firm can maintain value of its assets giving a misleading view. Bringing sales forward  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Sales show up in the PL account when the order is received and not at the point of transfer of ownership rights as mentioned in the notes to accountsof the Co. nder the heading of ‘Revenue Realisation’. Encouraging customers to placeorders earlier than planned increases the sales revenue figure in PL account. This bringssales forward from next year to this year. Extraordinary Items-  Extraordinary items  are revenues or costs that occur, but not as a result of normal business activity. These events are unusual and unlikely to be repeatedThey should be highlighted in accounts, and inserted after the calculation of Profit beforeInterest and Taxation. To include these in normal revenues will again exaggerate businessprofits. Examples of window dressing in Indian Companies : 1. Tata Motors  transferred 24% stake in Tata Automotive Components (TACO), a company with revenue of $675 in FY07, to Tata Capital, a group company,  and booked a profit ofRs 110 crore in Q1 FY09. Management declined to disclose the valuation methodolog y. Tata Motors also changed its methodology for calculating provisions for doubtfulreceivables,  which resulted in higher reported Ebitda to the extent of Rs 50. 7 crore (10%of Ebitda). 2. TCS, the software major,  increased its depreciation policy on computers from two years to four years. As a result, Q1 FY09 PBT was higher by an estimated Rs 50 crore (4% of net profit in 1QFY09). TCS followed cash-flow hedge accounting and till FY08, it usedto recognise hedging gains on effective hedges in its revenue line, thus boosting thereported revenue growth and Ebit margin. In FY08, TCS had Rs 421crore from hedginggains, of which, Rs 137 crore was included in the revenue line. However, from Q1 FY09,TCS is expected to report all forex losses/gains below the Ebit line in other income. Thus,the losses it had on its hedge position will no longer be booked in the operating line. 3. Jet Airways,  changed its depreciation policy from WDV to SLM, and thereby wrote back Rs 920 crore int o its PL, which helped the company to report profits during the quarter. It also helped Jet to report a higher net worth, which will help in keeping reported gearing low. 4. Dr Reddy’s  adjusted mark to market losses (Q1 FY08) on outstanding $250 million of hedges in the balance sheet, while PL reflects forex gains realised. 5. Reliance Communications  adjusted short-term quarterly fluctuations in foreign exchange rates related to liabilities and borrowings to the carrying cost of fixed assets. The company adjusted Rs 109 crore of realised and Rs 955 crore of unrealised forexlosses in the above manner. In addition, the company has not recognised Rs 399 crore oftranslation losses on FCCBs, since the FCCBs can potentially get converted, although theFCCBs are out of money. Adjusted for all the above, the company would have virtually no profits in Q1 FY09 Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Window Dressing" essay for you Create order

Religion and Violence Essay examples - 1081 Words

Conflict and violence is around us throughout the world and the mass media has made a huge impact of what we think of violence and the relation to religion, especially in the last couple of years. In addition violence has been considered as being part of human nature and comes from our biological structure of aggression. It is an out let for us to relieve stress levels and some believe that it can be a device of vengeance and a positive mechanism to human survival. For example it is a system for the survival of the fittest and reproduction. Another way that we can look at it on a different spectrum is the way religious beliefs utilise non violent mechanisms that try to diminish the impacts of aggressive behaviour. When we think of religion†¦show more content†¦Historical theories of violence have been part of human and animal sacrifice. Rene Girard has been the most influential to this theory and believed that violent sacrifice is â€Å"the ritualized killing of a living b eing channels the groups innate violence and renders it harmless. Violence is inherent in the religious act because violence as a threat is innate in humans, and religion offers a symbolized way to domesticate and defuse it† . Violence is throughout the traditions of religions and in biblical text of many of them. Violence can range in scale from self harm to destruction of a state or country. This idea about sacrifice has been very much an influence on Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism. Because before these three religions became distinct there was a period of time in India called the Vedic period and was known as the Indus Valley civilisation. The civilisation believed in sacrifice in rituals. What changes this belief system was the influence of On the opposite scale of violence or religious violence there are non violent religious traditions that believe that harming others is a destructive thing. However â€Å"Virtually every religious tradition contains some sort of injunction against taking human life†. This is because violence is justified through scripture or belief. Juergensmeyer states that non violence can be put into three categories. One of the most prominent religious traditionsShow MoreRelatedReligion : Abrahamic Religions And Violence2836 Words   |  12 PagesJacob Hane Ms. Houle English 9H-3 May 7th 2015 Abrahamic Religions and Violence On, February 25, 1994, an armed Israelite, Baruch Goldstein, entered into a mosque in Hebron and open fired into a group of Muslims during their holy month of Ramadan. Goldstein, baring a Galil assault rifle and training from the Israeli army, killed twenty-nine muslims and wounded countless others (Wiles). His actions later inspired riots throughout the streets of Hebron, which resulted in approximately sixty deathsRead MoreReligion As An Excuse For Violence1270 Words   |  6 Pagesall religions around the world are based on a belief. Almost every religion have certain rules and principles that order together within a society: Many people misunderstand and misinterpret the holy texts the Bible, Quran, Torah, and others fabricate. Religion is defined as faith to a higher being who one believes has created us. It has also been used as laws through history to stop the committing of crimes. In many religions, the consequences of breaking rules and regulations of the religion areRead MoreIslam : A Religion Of Violence1885 Words   |  8 PagesThe Refuting of Islam being born a Religion of Violence There are those in the world that maintain that Islam is a religion born of violence, but many scholars, including Timothy Rowe and William T. Cavanaugh, maintain that Islam was not a religion born of violence instead a religion that was born into a violent culture. This thesis by both scholars allows for the interpretation of Islam that looks not only at the actions of today, but also at the historical foundations of Islam from its birth inRead MoreIslam Is A Religion Of Violence1965 Words   |  8 PagesIn the article â€Å"Islam Is a Religion of Violence†, Ayaan Hirsi Ali discusses the long-debated question of whether Islam is a religion of violence or peace. Islamic terrorism was brought to the forefront of American and Western awareness on September 11, 2001 with the crash of the twin towers. More acts of terrorism committed by Muslims followed throughout the years in different parts of the world. To understand the cause of Islamic terrorism, Ali divides its adherents i nto three categories: the fundamentalistsRead MoreViolence and Religion Essay582 Words   |  3 PagesViolence is an ever present dark cloud that blots out the sun; a stifling hand over the mouth of the victims of society. The word violence, when looked up in a dictionary, has a list of varied definitions, and for a good reason. Violence comes in many different shapes and sizes. A definition that best covers the idea is: any act that show aggression or is intentionally done in the intent of hurting someone. Now this covers the idea of physical, emotional, and mental harm. Violence is a highly controversialRead MoreViolence, Religion, Or Past Experiences1158 Words   |  5 PagesCulture violence intersect in many different situations both through direct and indirect contact. The two can be observed in multiple settings but I am going to focus on the violence that occurs within Intimate Relationships, particularly between a man and woman, and how women assume the role of the †˜submissive’ partner. I will talk about how different cultural feelings, religions and exposure to intimate partner violence can be an example of culture and violence intersecting by observing the threateningRead MoreReligion As A Primary Force Of Violence1762 Words   |  8 Pagesmodern society consider themselves a certain religion. Within this religion they believe that all human beings who are apart of that religious community are sacred, in and of themselves, because they share a specific fundamental set of beliefs and practices as well as worship the same God. It can be argued according to Mark Juergensemeyer, author of â€Å"Terror in the Mind of God.† that religion has a natural affinity to violence. That is why, even though religion began the division of humankind, the religiousRead MoreBuddhism : A Religion Of Peace And Non Violence1185 Words   |  5 PagesNirvana. Even though there are many sects of the Buddhist faith, this essay focuses on the shared pe ace practices and beliefs Buddhism promotes, especially the concept of inner peace through reflection. Buddhism is known widely as a religion of peace and non-violence, though there are outlying examples contrary to the point such as Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, and etc., the concept of achieving inner peace and living harmoniously no matter what views one has can promote a positive society. Read MoreReligion And Violence Is Currently One Of The Most Recurrent1623 Words   |  7 PagesReligion and violence is currently one of the most recurrent themes authors write about due to the numerous terrorist actions that consistently occur. These incidents raise multiple questions that the authors of the articles tried to answer by treating different aspects that intersect with religion and violence such as politics and terrorism. The authors of these articles share a lot of ideas and assumptions while simultaneously disagree on others and try to explain certain aspects differentlyRead MoreThe Role Of Politics, Religion, And Violence In The Metamorphoses By Apuleius1828 Words   |  8 Pagesthe roles of politics, religion, and violence during this era by to uncover how each played into shaping life and society in ancient Mediterranean civilization. Violence has been a mainstay in humanity for as long as it has existed, and it manifested itself in ancient Mediterranean history in a variety of ways. In the ancient world, especially, violence was both brutal and ubiquitous. It was how empires were forged and it was how they fell. It is worth noting that violence in this time was almost

Night World Spellbinder Chapter 8 Free Essays

A sharp, acrid odor assaulted her nostrils. She had to blink away tears as she held the bottle over the fire and very carefully tipped it. One drop, two drops, three. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Spellbinder Chapter 8 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The fire flared, burning blue. It was ready. The balefire that was the only way to get a spirit from the other side-apart from crossing the veil and fetching it back yourself. Thea took Phoebe’s amulet in both hands and snapped it, cracking the clay and breaking the seal. Then, holding the broken amulet over the fire, she said the words of power she’d heard the elders speaking last Samhain. â€Å"May I be given the Power of the Words of Hecate.† Instantly, she found words coming to her, rolling off her tongue. She heard them as if it were somebody else talking. From beyond the veil†¦ I call you back! Through the mist of years†¦ I call you back! From the airy void†¦ I call you back! Through the narrow path†¦ I call you back! To the heart of the flame†¦ I call you back! Come speedily, conveniently, and without delay! She felt a rumbling vibration like an earthquake rock the floor. Above the ordinary fire different flames seemed to burn; cold, ghostly flames that were pale blue and violet and rose to lick at her knuckles. She started to open her hands, to let the amulet fall into the magical flame. But just as she was about to do it, there was a bang. The door to her bedroom swung open, and for the second time in twelve hours she found herself horrified to see Blaise. â€Å"The whole place is shaking-what are you doing?† â€Å"Blaise-just stay back!† Blaise stared. Her jaw dropped and she lunged forward. â€Å"What are you doing?† â€Å"It’s almost finished-â€Å" â€Å"You’re crazy!† Blaise grabbed at the amulet in Thea’s hands, and then, when Thea snatched her hands back, at the silver box. â€Å"Leave it alone!† Thea grabbed the other side of the box. They were struggling with it, each trying to pull it from the other. Fire scorched Thea’s hands. â€Å"Let go!† Blaise shouted, trying to twist the box away. â€Å"I’m warning you-â€Å" Thea’s fingers were damp with sweat. The box slipped. That was when it happened. The silver box flipped in Blaise’s hands, sending a spray of amulets everywhere. Locks of gray hair, black hair, red hair, all flying. Most of them hit the floor-but one landed directly in the balefire. Thea heard a crack as the clay seal broke. For one second she was frozen, then she plunged her hand into the fire. But the clay was already burning-not red hot, but white hot. She couldn’t close her fingers around it. For just an instant she seemed to see a symbol etched in blue flames, and then a flash like sheet lightning exploded from the fire. It knocked her into Blaise’s bed and Blaise into the wall. The lightning formed a column and something shot out. Thea didn’t so much see it as sense it. A wraith shape that tore around the room like a blast of arctic wind. It sent books and articles of clothing flying. When it reached the window, it seemed to pause for an instant, as if gathering itself, and then it shot through as if the glass didn’t exist. It was gone. â€Å"Great Mother of life,† Blaise whispered from against the wall. She was staring at the window with huge luminous eyes-and she was scared. Blaise was scared. That was when Thea realized how bad things were. â€Å"What have we done?† she whispered. â€Å"What have we done-what have you done, that’s the question,† Blaise snapped, sitting up and looking more like her ordinary self. â€Å"What was that thing?† Defensively, Thea gestured at the scattered amulets. â€Å"What do you think? A witch.† , â€Å"But who?† â€Å"How should I know?† Thea almost yelled, fear giving way to anger. â€Å"This is the one I was going to call back.† She snatched up the â€Å"auburn hair and cracked amulet of Phoebe Garner. â€Å"That one was just whichever one fell out when you grabbed the box.† â€Å"Don’t try to make this my fault. You’re the one doing forbidden spells. You’re the one summoning ancestors. And whatever happens with that one†- Blaise pointed at the window-â€Å"you’re the one responsible.† She got up and shook out her hair, standing tall. â€Å"And that’s what you get for trying to sic the spirits on me!† She turned and stalked out the door. â€Å"I wasn’t trying to sic the spirits on you!† Thea shouted-but the door had already slammed shut. Thea’s anger collapsed. Feeling numb, she looked at the overturned silver box, where she had temporarily stored the tissue with Eric’s blood. I was just trying to find a protector for him. Somebody who’d help him fend off your spells, who’d understand that he’s a person even though he’s a human. She looked forlornly around the room. Then, feeling older than Gran, she struggled to her feet and started mechanically cleaning up the mess. When she dumped the ashes out of the bowl she found some sort of residue sticking to the bottom. She couldn’t wash it off and she couldn’t pry it off with a steak knife. She stashed the entire bowl under her bed. All the while she cleaned, her mind kept churning. Who got out? No way to know. Process of elimination wouldn’t help, not with all those unmarked amulets. What to do now? She didn’t know that either. If I tell anyone-even Gran-they’ll want to know why I was trying to summon the dead. But if they find out the truth, it means death for me and Eric. Around sunset, a limousine pulled up in the back alley. Thea saw it from her window and rushed downstairs in alarm. Grandma was being helped out of the car by two politely expressionless vampires. Servants of Thierry’s. â€Å"Gran, what happened?† â€Å"Nothing happened. I had a little weak spell, that’s all!† She whacked at one of the vampires with her cane. â€Å"I can help myself, son!† â€Å"Ma’am,† said the vampire-who might have been three or four times Grandma’s age. To Thea, he said, â€Å"Your grandmother fainted-she was pretty sick there for a while.† â€Å"And that good-for-nothing apprentice of mine never showed up,† Gran said, making her way to the back door. Thea nodded good-bye to the vampires. â€Å"Gran-it was my fault about Tobias. I let him have the day off.† Her stomach, which had been clenched like a fist all day, seemed to draw even tighter now. â€Å"Are you really sick?† â€Å"I’m good for a few years yet.† She began laboriously working her way up the stairs. â€Å"Vampires just don’t understand old age.† â€Å"What did you go there for?† Gran stopped to cough. â€Å"None of your business, but I had to settle some arrangements with Thierry. He’s agreed to let the Inner Circle use his land on Samhain.† Upstairs, Thea made some herb tea in the tiny kitchenette. And then, when Gran was in bed with the tea, she gathered her courage. â€Å"Gran, when the elders call up the spirits on Samhain-how do they send them back?† â€Å"Why should you want to know?† Gran said crossly. But when Thea just looked at her, she went on. â€Å"There are certain spells that are used for summoning-and don’t you ask me what they are-and you say those backwards to send them back. The witch who calls a spirit has to be the one to dismiss it.† So only I can do it. â€Å"And that’s all?† Thea asked. â€Å"Oh, of course not. It’s a long process of kindling the fire and strewing the herbs-but if you do it all right, you can draw the spirit down from between the standing stones and send it back where it came from.† Grandma went on muttering, but Thea had snagged on a earlier phrase. â€Å"From between-the standing stones†¦ ?† she got out. â€Å"The standing stones that encircle the spirits. Well, think, Thea! If you didn’t have a circle of some kind to hold them in, they’d just-voom.† Gran made a gesture. â€Å"They’d zip out and how would you ever find them again? That’s why I went to Thierry today/’ she added, taking a noisy sip of tea. â€Å"We need a place where the sandstone forms a natural circle†¦ and naturally it’s up to me to arrange everything†¦.† She went on grumbling softly. Thea felt faint. â€Å"You have to be-physically close to them-to send them back?† â€Å"Of course. You have to be within spitting distance, And don’t think I don’t know why you’re asking.† Thea stopped breathing. â€Å"You’re planning something for Samhain- and it’s probably all Blaise’s idea. You two are like Maya and Hellewise. But you can forget about it right now- those spells are for the elders, not for girls.† She stopped to cough. â€Å"I don’t understand why you want to be crones before you’re done being maidens. You ought to enjoy your youth while you have it†¦.† Thea left her still grumbling. She hadn’t cast any kind of a circle before calling the spirit. She hadn’t realized she was supposed to. And now†¦ how could she ever get close enough to the spirit to send it back? Well-it’ll just have to stay out in the world, she told herself bravely. Too bad†¦ but it’s not as if there aren’t other spirits floating around out there. Maybe if it doesn’t like roaming around, it’ll come back. But she was sick with guilt and disheartened. Not to mention worried-if only a little-about Gran’s fainting spell. Blaise didn’t come to bed. She stayed downstairs and worked on her necklace long into the night. On Monday, everyone at school was talking about Randy Marik and the ruined dance. The girls were annoyed about it and furious with Blaise; the boys were annoyed and furious with Randy. â€Å"Are you okay?† Dani asked Thea after world lit class. â€Å"You look kind of pale.† Thea smiled wanly. â€Å"It was a busy weekend.† â€Å"Really? Did you do something with Eric?† The way she said â€Å"do something† alerted Thea. Dani’s heart-shaped face looked as sweet and concerned as ever†¦ but Thea couldn’t trust even her. She was a Night Person, a witch, a human-hater. It didn’t matter. Thea was so edgy that the words just seemed to burst out. â€Å"Do something like what? Smash his car? Turn him into a toad?† Dani looked shocked, her velvet-dark eyes wide. Thea turned and walked quickly away. Stupid, stupid, she told herself. That was so dumb of you. You may not have to pretend to be playing with Eric in front of Blaise anymore-but in front of the other witches you’ve got to keep acting. She headed almost blindly for Eric’s locker, ignoring the people she passed. I’ve only been here a week. How can everything in my life have become so awful? I’m at war with Blaise; I’ve worked a forbidden spell; I don’t dare talk to Gran-and I’ve broken Night World law. â€Å"Thea! I was looking for you.† It was Eric’s voice. Warm, eager-everything that Thea wasn’t. She turned to see green eyes flecked with dancing gray and an astonishing smile. A smile that drew her in, changing the world. Maybe everything was going to be all right, after all. â€Å"I called you yesterday, but I just kept getting the machine.† Thea hadn’t even looked at the answering machine. â€Å"I’m sorry-there was a lot going on.† Eric looked so kind that she groped for something that had been going on that she could tell him about. â€Å"My grandmother’s been sick.† He sobered at once. â€Å"That’s terrible.† â€Å"Yes.† Thea fished in her backpack for the small herb pillow she’d put there this morning. Then she hesitated. â€Å"Eric†¦ is there somewhere we could go to talk alone? Just for a few minutes? I want to give you something.† He blinked, then waggled his eyebrows. â€Å"Nothing I’d like better. And I know just the place. Come on.† He led her across campus to a large building that stood apart from the rest of the complex. It had a shabby look and the paint on the double doors was blistered. A banner announced in orange and black letters: don’t miss the .ultimate Halloween party. â€Å"What is this?† Eric, who was opening the door, put a finger to his lips. He glanced inside, then beckoned to her. â€Å"It’s the old gym. They’re supposed to be renovating it as a student center, but there isn’t enough money.† He snorted. â€Å"Probably because they’re spending too much on renovating downtown. Now- what was it you wanted to give me?† â€Å"It†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Thea stopped dead as she took in her surroundings. All thoughts of the herb pillow vanished. â€Å"Eric-†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She stared around her, feeling a slow wave of sickness roil through her stomach. â€Å"Is this†¦ for the Halloween party?†. â€Å"Yeah. They do a couple fund-raisers a semester here. This is kind of a weird one-but they did it last year and it brought in a lot.† Not weird, Thea thought numbly. Weird doesn’t begin to describe it. Half the room was empty, just scuffed hardwood floor, a broken basketball backboard, and exposed pipes in the ceiling. But the other half looked like a cross between a medieval dungeon and a casino. She walked slowly toward it, her footsteps echoing. Wooden booths of various sizes were decorated with orange and black crepe paper and fake spider webs. Thea read one banner after another. â€Å"Fortune telling†¦ Drench a Wench†¦ Bobbing for Shrunken Heads?† â€Å"It’s bobbing for apples really,† Eric said, seeming embarrassed. â€Å"And the gambling isn’t real. You do it all with goblin money and exchange it for prizes.† Thea couldn’t stop looking at the booths. Wheel of Torture: a money wheel with a dummy dressed like a witch spreadeagled in the middle. Bloody Blackjack. Devil’s Darts†¦ a dart game with a cork witch as a target. And there were witch figures everywhere. Cloth witches on nooses hanging from the overhead pipes. Cardboard witches leering from the tops of booths. Paper witches dancing on the wall. They were fat, skinny, white-haired, gray-haired, cross-eyed, squint-eyed, warty, funny, scary†¦ and ugly. That was the one thing they all had in common. That’s what they think of us. Humans. All humans†¦ â€Å"Thea? Are you okay?† Thea whirled. â€Å"No, I am not okay.† She gestured around the room. â€Å"Will you look at this stuff? Do you really think it’s funny? Something to party about?† Hardly aware of what she was doing, she spun him around to face The Iron Maiden-a wooden replica with rubber spikes. â€Å"What are people going to do? Pay to step into that? Don’t they realize that it used to be real? That real people were put in it, and that when the door closed, those spikes went into them, into their arms and their stomachs and their eyes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She couldn’t go on. Eric looked as stricken as Dani had earlier. He’d never seen her like this. â€Å"Thea-look, I’m sorry†¦ I never thought†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Or that.† Thea gestured toward the Wheel of Torture, the words tumbling out. â€Å"Do you know how they really put a witch on the wheel? They broke every bone in her body so they could just thread her arms and legs through the spokes like spaghetti. Then they put the wheel on a pole and left her up there to die†¦.† Eric’s face contracted with horror. â€Å"God, Thea†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"And these pictures–the witches who got tortured didn’t have green skin and evil eyes. They weren’t monsters, and they didn’t have anything to do with devils. They were people.† Eric reached out for her, but she spun away, staring at a particularly ugly hag on the wall. â€Å"Do you think this place is all right for a party? That this is good fun? That witches look like that?† She flung out an arm, close to being hysterical. â€Å"Well, do you?† In her mind’s eye she could see the world: Dani and Blaise and all other witches on the left; Eric and the students here and all other humans on the right, both races hating and despising each other-and herself somewhere in the middle. Eric caught her shoulders. â€Å"No, I don’t think it’s all right. Thea, will you just listen to me for a second?† He was almost shaking her-but she could see that there were tears forming at the corners of his eyes. â€Å"I feel awful,† he said. â€Å"I never thought about taking this stuff seriously-and that’s my own stupid fault, and I know it’s not an excuse. But now that you say it, I do see how terrible it is, and I’m sorry. And I never should have brought you here, of all people†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Thea, who had been starting to relax, stiffened again. â€Å"Why me ‘of all people’?† she demanded. He hesitated a moment, then met her eyes and spoke quietly. â€Å"Because of your grandma’s store. I mean, I know it’s just herbs and positive thinking- but I also, know that in the old days, there would have been somebody out there pointing a finger and calling her a witch.† Thea relaxed again. It was okay for people to think Gran was a witch-if by â€Å"witch† they meant someone who talked to plants and mixed up homemade hair tonic. And she couldn’t disbelieve Eric, not under the intensity of those steady green eyes. But she saw an opportunity and seized it. â€Å"Yeah, and they’d probably have burned me for giving you this present,† she said, opening her hand. â€Å"And you’d probably have been scared or superstitious if I asked you to keep it with you all the time: you’d think I was putting some kind of a spell on you-â€Å" â€Å"I wouldn’t think anything,† he said firmly, taking the little green pillow from her. It smelled like fresh New Hampshire pine needles, which was what was in it-mainly. She’d also added a few protective herbs and an Ishtar crystal, a golden beryl in a star cut with thirty-three facets, carved with the name of the Babylonian mother goddess. The charm was the best she could do to help him fend off Blaise’s spells. â€Å"I would just kiss it and put it my pocket and never let it out of my sight,† Eric went on. And he did, stopping after the kiss to say, â€Å"Mm, smells good.† Thea couldn’t help smiling at him. She chanced saying, â€Å"Actually, it’s just to remind you of me.† â€Å"It will never leave my pocket,† he said solemnly. Well, that worked out nicely. â€Å"Look, there’s probably something we can do about this place,† Eric said, glancing around again. â€Å"The school board doesn’t want any bad publicity. Why don’t I run and borrow a camera from the journalism class, and we can take some pictures so people will see what we mean when we complain?† Thea glanced at her watch. â€Å"Why not? I think I’ve already missed French.† He grinned. â€Å"Back in a minute.† When he was gone, Thea wandered slowly among the silent booths, lost in her own thoughts. For a few minutes there, when I was ranting, I almost told him the truth. And then later I thought maybe he’d figured it all out for himself. And would that be so terrible? He’s already under sentence of death just because I love him; it doesn’t matter if he knows or not. But if he did know†¦ what would he say? Witches may be okay in the abstract-but does he really want one for a girlfriend? The only way to find out was to tell him. She leaned against a ladder and gazed sightlessly at an oilcloth lying beneath a hanging noose. Of course, it was probably all academic anyway. What kind of future could they possibly have†¦ ? Suddenly Thea realized what she was looking at. Underneath that oilcloth was a shoe-and the shoe was connected to something. Subconsciously, she’d been assuming it was another witch dummy†¦ but now she focused. And she felt the hairs on her arms lift and tingle. Why would they dress a witch in black Nike high-tops? How to cite Night World : Spellbinder Chapter 8, Essay examples

Chaucerian times Essay Example For Students

Chaucerian times Essay The wife is renown from the beginning of the prologue as a character with little regard for anything or anyone else with her carefree attitude displayed most commonly in her speeches about sex. However in regard to the entire prologue as a tale of licence and lust would perhaps be a too restricted overview. The prologue also provides the audience with many other prominent themes such as religion, marriage and female equality in Chaucerian times. Licence however is significant to the Wife of Baths prologue. Her strength of character provides the prologue with a sense of freedom and little regard for anything. This is demonstrated in particular with her lack of hesitance to challenge authority figures, in particular male and religious authoritys. In the opening lines of the prologue this behaviour is established where the wife challenges men, especially the wise, daun salomon who she claims had hadde wives mo than oon. This in particular demonstrates her lack of care for anyone else and her self-freedom due to the fact those she is opposing (men) contribute to the pilgrimage the most; there were few women on the pilgrimage. Her desire for dominance and power over her husbands is crucial in illustrating this idea of licence, in particular in connection with Jankin. The Wife of Bath clearly doesnt abide by societys conventional role of women and consistently objects to Jankins opinions and remarks. She readily admits that with her fist so took him on the cheke and doesnt appear to mind informing the audience of this. It indicates her need to be in control at all times over her husbands. Her treatment of the other husbands supports these ideas too in the way in which she manipulates them and shows little consideration for them. This is clear in the way she tells the audience with delight how badly she treated them O lord! The peyne I dide hem and the wo implying she had little regret for how she behaved. Her careless attitude is also displayed when she comically suggests that even if the pope hadde seten hem beside she wouldnt have stopped shouting. This is a very good illustration of her character as a whole and her free from care approach to life. Both the idea of licence and lust is prominent in the prologue, as this is a significant part of the Wifes character as she is rarely hesitant to say herself. From the early parts of the prologue she honestly reveals Which yifte of God hadde he for alle his wives! suggesting she likes sex and is not afraid to say it, also considering the time in which this was set; meaning this would be very surprising to hear from a women. Not only does this display her lack of care but also the aspect of lust. The idea is of lust is represented throughout the prologue with the Wifes explicit details of her sex life. She is often crude in the way she talks about sex, not afraid to use what would be thought as vulgar language in her descriptions as at one point she tells the pilgrimage how she had the beste quoniam mighte be. However this is a skill she uses to introduce a comical aspect into her stories; she doesnt mind sharing the most intimate details and it would suggest she would never fail in interesting her audience by using this technique. However behind the Wifes often crude and care free attitude there are many more sides to her character that are not so obvious. Religion is something which the Wife appears to have a good knowledge of with many references to important figures in her anecdotes, even though her quotes are not quite accurate on many occasions. However sometimes as an audience this may again be a faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade, as often her misquotations are used to her advantage and perhaps used as part of her plan to win arguments. .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 , .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 .postImageUrl , .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 , .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639:hover , .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639:visited , .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639:active { border:0!important; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639:active , .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639 .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1cfb8e5e5a8eebe736669398ca073639:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Battle Royal EssayAstrology is another of her interests, using this again to support arguments, in particular justifying her adultery; claiming a wise astrologer Daun Ptholome said the famous proverb of alle men his wisdom is the hyeste, That rekketh nevere who hath the world in honde. Basically claiming the contented man is he who doesnt care how much another man has, suggesting that a contented man shouldnt mind if she commits adultery. Again this would be likely to provoke amusement in the pilgrimage due to the way in which the Wife manipulates nearly anything to her advantage. Also again her lack of care and respect for her marriages illustrate both licence and lust in the prologue. In conclusion, even though licence and lust are prominent ideas throughout the prologue there are many other less apparent issues behind the Wifes bold character. Even though many of the other ideas raised have some connection with the Wifes love of sex, the issues provide other themes such as religion, dominance and feminism. Therefore I would conclude licence and lust are central to the prologue, however the description stated in the question is perhaps too restricted and does not allow the audience to acknowledge the other significant issues raised by the complex character and prologue in general.